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Krampus

in Events and news

The Krampusare today linked to the tradition of San Nicolò, which is traditionally celebrated on the evening of December 5th. The ritual, typical of several countries in the Alps (Sudtirol, Friuli, Austria, Switzerland but also Germany, Hungary and the Czech Republic), is centered on the parade through the streets of the town ofSan Nicolò. In Friuli, the tradition is widespread in the Val Canale: in the area of Tarvisiano, Ugovizza, Malborghetto and Pontebba.

San Nicolò, with a thick white beard, accompanied by angels, distributes sweets to the little ones and the good ones. Angry devils follow him: the krampus in search of evil children. As soon as the sun sets, San Nicolò disappears leaving the population at the mercy of the devils, who chasing people everywhere.

he Krampus have scary masks; their clothes are worn and dirty. As they wander through the night they make grim noises, made by cowbells or horns. There are also “female” Krampus (the Krampas) also, however, personified by men. There are several rules to be followed in order to become part of a “Krampus Group”, among the main ones, that of never taking off your mask in public. There are several legends about the birth of this tradition. The Friulian rite takes place on the first Sunday of December after the 5th, in Pontebba. Mentre vagano nella notte provocano tetri rumori, ottenuti da campanacci o corni. Esistono anche dei Krampus “femmina” (i Krampa) anch’essi, però, impersonati da uomini. Sono diverse le regole a cui sottostare per entrare a far parte di un “Gruppo Krampus”, tra le principali, quella di non togliersi mai la maschera in pubblico.

Diverse sono le leggende sulla nascita di questa tradizione.

Una di queste narra che in periodo di carestia, ragazzi dei villaggi di montagna dopo essersi travestiti, e resi irriconoscibili, usando pelli e corna di animali, terrorizzavano gli abitanti dei paesi vicini, derubandoli delle provviste necessarie per l’inverno. Ben presto, però, i ragazzi si accorsero che tra loro c’era un impostore: era il diavolo in persona, che approfittando del suo volto terrificante si era introdotto nel gruppo rimanendo riconoscibile solo dai piedi a forma di zoccolo di capra. Venne, allora, chiamato un vescovo, Nicola, per esorcizzare la terribile presenza. Da allora, sconfitto il Demonio, i ragazzi mascherati da diavolo continuarono a recarsi nei villaggi vicini, non più a depredare ma a portare doni accompagnati dalla figura del Vescovo, cioè colui che aveva sconfitto il male.

Il rito friulano ha luogo la prima Domenica di dicembre dopo il 5 a Pontebba.

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